{"id":1157,"date":"2021-12-21T05:33:22","date_gmt":"2021-12-21T10:33:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cohort21.com\/teachingtomorrow\/?p=1157"},"modified":"2021-12-21T05:33:22","modified_gmt":"2021-12-21T10:33:22","slug":"episode65","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cohort21.com\/teachingtomorrow\/2021\/12\/21\/episode65\/","title":{"rendered":"65. Social Practices of Journalistic Writing"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">How might we improve student writing by leveraging our innate desire for social connection? Today on the podcast, I make a case for why you should consider including journalistic writing in your class.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A young person that I am close to, let\u2019s call her Annie, is really struggling with school, especially since the onset of this pandemic. When we talk about what she finds challenging and what her teachers might do to improve the situation, her response, I believe, reveals a larger systemic issue in schools today: she wants to be able to talk more with her friends, she is frustrated with the number of hours she is expected to sit still and stay focused, and she is deeply bored with assignments that just involve reading things and answering short questions about what she reads. Annie is not unique in the things that she is frustrated about in regards to school. She is asking for more collaborative, social learning. She is naming the fact that the curriculum does not need to be limited to the four walls of her classroom. She is yearning for powerful, authentic learning that has a purpose beyond a grade. Annie is struggling and I don\u2019t think she needs to be. She is bright, capable, thoughtful, curious\u2026and in many ways the system is failing her.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In this episode today, I make a case for why teachers\u2013\u2013and not just English teachers\u2013\u2013should consider using journalistic writing in their programs to transform writing, student engagement, and purpose in their classrooms. This is not a typical kind of show where I interview a guest about their work. Instead, today we dive into the research about writing, social discourses, and journalism.\u00a0 I offer some ideas for what teaching writing with journalism can look like in your classroom. My intention is that after this episode, you keep this genre on your mind and consider working with it in a future unit or share this episode with a colleague and collaborate together on something in your own practice.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><b>Background Terms and Backstory<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Before we do any of this though, let\u2019s take a moment and pause to make sure we are all on the same page when I am using the term journalistic writing. What is that? When I say \u201cjournalistic writing\u201d I am referring to non-fiction, factual, researched, news article writing. The kind of writing that I focused on with my students are the kinds of pieces that you might find in the front section of a newspaper: they are written in 3rd person perspective, they use short paragraphs, they use direct quotes from interview sources, the facts included are from high quality \/ verifiable sources, and they centre around topics that are deemed \u201c<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.mediacollege.com\/journalism\/news\/newsworthy.html\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">newsworthy.<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201d These pieces of writing aim to include multiple valid perspectives on a topic and the writers crafting these pieces strive to be aware of their own identities and biases and how these may impact their reporting.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">For me, this journey with journalistic writing started in 2017. I was coming back from my first maternity leave and was inheriting a grade 8 English class (I had taught grade 7 English and Social Studies before having my first child). The teacher with this grade \/ subject before me had taught a journalism project for many years. I always admired and fangirled over this project when I was witnessing it from afar. I loved the authenticity, the challenge, the real world connections and this brand of non-fiction storytelling. So when I stepped into Grade 8 English, this was what I was most excited about; however, the first year I did this journalism project it bombed. Like hard. I\u2019ll get into those early failings a little later.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Over the course of several years of slowly improving this project, I became obsessed with the process of young people writing about topics that truly mattered to them. I loved how it positioned young people to consider multiple viewpoints (including their own), engaging in interviews with real human beings who existed outside the sphere of our classroom, and publishing their work for others to read. I have seen young people change because of the things they have written, I have experienced the school communities shift because of their writing, and I have seen young people engage more fully with the writing process and in turn improve their skills.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Now that I am engaging more with research about student writing, I see that there was a key ingredient present that hugely contributed to this writing experience \u201cworking\u201d: it is a social writing discourse!\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><b>Social Writing<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A social writing what now? Ya, I feel you. I thought the same thing when I was first reading about this. I\u2019ll back this train up a touch and introduce you to <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.research.lancs.ac.uk\/portal\/en\/people\/rosalind-ivanic(07e73e10-b215-473f-afe6-aa876574d1e6).html\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Roz Ivani\u010d<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Picture a friendly looking white woman with white hair, kind eyes, and a cute, blunt bob haircut. Roz is a scholar based out of the U.K. that has identified <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/eprints.lancs.ac.uk\/id\/eprint\/3948\/1\/ivanic1.pdf\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">seven main ways,<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> or discourses, of writing that should be included in all writing curriculums. These include s<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">kills, creativity, process, genre, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www-tandfonline-com.myaccess.library.utoronto.ca\/doi\/full\/10.1080\/09585176.2018.1500489\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">thinking<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, social practices, and sociopolitical discourses. While all six of these discourses are important and worthy of explanation, for the purposes of this episode, only two\u2013\u2013social practices and sociopolitical discourses\u2013\u2013will get deeper explanation. The social practices discourse says that writing is a communal experience, and that writing instruction cannot be removed from social contexts. The sociopolitical discourse takes this further by <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">critically examining why genres and styles of writing exist the way they do, and it sees writing as a vehicle for constructing more powerful identities for marginalized people. Roz did not invent the idea of writing being a social practice. Rather, she is saying that how we teach writing cannot just be focused on the grammar (the skills discourse) or the metacognitive routines that students engage with (process discourse), but that a well balanced writing program includes <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">many<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> modes of writing instruction. And this is likely not surprising to you (or to my friend Annie that I mentioned earlier) but what may be surprising is that: the social practices discourse and sociopolitical discourse are both <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/259927127_An_Analysis_of_Discourses_of_Writing_and_Writing_Instruction_in_Curricula_Across_Canada\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">dramatically under-represented<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> throughout writing ministry curriculum documents in Canada. So no wonder Annie is struggling: her teachers may not ever be pointed to including these ways of learning in their programs and her teachers may never have been taught how to teach in a way that supports these discourses!\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">So back to my journalism unit. How was this a form of a social writing discourse? Well, there actually many aspects of this learning experience that tie it in to a social writing practice. And of course I made an acronym for us to easily remember it: do remember in the book <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Where The Wild Things Are<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and the part where they have <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/toledolibrary.s3.amazonaws.com\/uploads\/blog-images\/The-Wild-Rumpus.jpg\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">that epic dance party<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">? Do you remember what it is called? Yep, the wild rumpus. So to remind us that social writing is kind of like that, journalistic writing is social discourse because is it is <\/span><b>RUMPUS<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. R stands for Researching Through Interviews. U is Unpacking Identities. M is for Mentoring. P stands for Publishing. U is for Useful Community Collaboration. And finally S is for Stategic Feedback. My friends, let the wild rumpus start!\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b><i>R: Researching Through Interviews<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The way that students researched about the topics that mattered to them was not just by researching on the internet or reading books. To ignite that enthusiasm for learning, it really makes a huge difference when young people are researching topics that they choose and that matters to them. In the research, this shows up <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/328285374_Writing_Toward_Change_Across_Youth_Participatory_Action_Research_Projects\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">again<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/274581014_Teaching_English_in_the_World_Writing_for_Real\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">again<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> as something that makes the learning matter and important. You have to start with the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.ca\/Reading-Writing-Rising-Up-2nd\/dp\/0942961692\/ref=sr_1_1?gclid=CjwKCAiAwKyNBhBfEiwA_mrUMkWhBlfz7gJBjczbJXeADCvwAVv5eS43-HVIHLdYKBt077QZ9QZ8ThoCiRAQAvD_BwE&hvadid=208261827597&hvdev=c&hvlocphy=9000964&hvnetw=g&hvqmt=e&hvrand=18363056455197305619&hvtargid=kwd-314556155222&hydadcr=8604_9618205&keywords=reading+writing+and+rising+up&qid=1638636413&sr=8-1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">interests and passions<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> of the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.ca\/Pedagogy-Oppressed-Anniversary-Paulo-Freire\/dp\/1501314130\/ref=sr_1_1?gclid=CjwKCAiAwKyNBhBfEiwA_mrUMiNfeHiQJhKmB-6fnZ88KQLcJHPXsGXowhqAtAwrk-b4xcmNuRe2eBoCXJ0QAvD_BwE&hvadid=229992716090&hvdev=c&hvlocphy=9000964&hvnetw=g&hvqmt=e&hvrand=15675762770134510715&hvtargid=kwd-301086031673&hydadcr=8604_10279859&keywords=the+pedagogy+of+the+oppressed&qid=1638636799&sr=8-1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">people<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in your class. In different years, I had given some broad parameters for how students could select their topics: one year I had students pick something that related to the city of Toronto somehow (we were engaged in a big, year long city investigation) and in another year, their topics had to somehow loosely be connected to the idea of sustainability (either social, environmental, or economic). When students care about their topics, finding sources to interview becomes a deeply authentic, slightly scary, and hugely motivating social aspect of the learning. Ideally, these interviews are conducted in real time\u2013\u2013either in person, over the phone or over something like Google Meet or Zoom\u2013\u2013so that students get that real-time feedback when their questions don\u2019t make sense, they are not getting enough detail from their sources, they are not getting the kinds of quotes they need, or it is clear that they are not talking to the right person. Social learning still takes place over email, but in my experience, the \u201cfear factor\u201d of sitting down and talking to your friend\u2019s mom about her small business is much more powerful than sending an email and waiting for a reply. In the research, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/328285374_Writing_Toward_Change_Across_Youth_Participatory_Action_Research_Projects\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">young people report <\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">that until they were required to interview people for a connected learning project, they had never even considered this as a form of research! Even just the novelty of it alone should be a reason for us to include interviewing other people as an aspect of our writing projects.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b><i>U: Unpacking Biases<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Something that arose in response to my first epic failure of my journalism unit was the need for students to understand their own biases. If you have been paying attention to the world, you have likely noticed that there is increasing distrust of the media today. Yes, Trump has caused this in part, but this has been going on long before 2016. Traditional news reporting claims to be objective, but is it possible to choose stories, research, or write without being influenced by our backgrounds, identities, and biases? Probably not, I think. What if instead of trying to erase our biases, we were more aware of them as writers and could consider them more carefully in our attempts at sharing the most accurate version of the truth? So something that I did, that was echoed in the research, was I had my students try to identify their personal beliefs about their topic. Then, if their final article only captured these beliefs, it would be more clear that there may be missing perspectives that could be included.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0Another teacher had her students <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/329450248_Beyond_Publication_Social_action_as_the_ultimate_stage_of_a_writing_process\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201ctake a stand\u201d<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to help identify biases prior to writing and research. Students were given a variety of controversial issues and they had to try and articulate what they personally believe about these issues. For example: Should the government be doing more to reduce carbon emissions? Should policing programs be defunded? Is enough being done to teach anti-racism in schools? Then, at the end of the project, students reflected on their views captured when they were asked to \u201ctake a stand\u201d and not surprisingly, their views had evolved and became increasingly nuanced as they researched more about the issues and heard from multiple perspectives. This, afterall, is a huge reason why journalistic thinking is a valuable tool for young people: it expands the way we see the world and encourages empathy. When we try to understand another\u2019s perspective (whether by interviewing them or by hearing where they stand during a pre-writing practice), we are tapping into those social discourses and making the learning stronger. Nobody knows alone.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b><i>M: Mentorship<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The next idea that emerged from the research, I am a little obsessed with. This idea is so simple, so obvious that you are going to wonder why it isn\u2019t used more in writing classes and it is this: <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/lead.nwp.org\/knowledgebase\/the-authenticity-spectrum-the-case-of-a-science-journalism-writing-project-2\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">reverse mentorship<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Reverse mentorship is not undoing mentoring or being a bad influence on writing (wouldn\u2019t that be something?). This is a strategy that pairs <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/digitalcommons.uri.edu\/jmle\/vol11\/iss3\/5\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">recent journalism school graduates with classroom teachers <\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">to support the writing in the classroom. It is essentially a classroom teacher consulting with a budding journalist to help inform the writing the students are doing. The teacher knows the students, the classroom, and the pedagogy. The recent journalism school graduate knows the genre, the discourse community, and the process of writing. The teacher is of course mentoring the students and the journalist is mentoring the students\u2026as well as the teacher! It has been a well known dirty <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/249134804_Teaching_Writing_to_Elementary_Students_in_Grades_4-6_A_National_Survey\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">little secret <\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">in education that teachers do not feel capable of teaching writing to their students and that students are only writing about 25 minutes a day <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">in all of their classes.<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Let\u2019s just take a moment and pause on that. 25 minutes a day of writing!<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">So as a profession, teachers of writing need more mentorship, support, and training. Reverse mentorship may be a way to do that which is aligned with the social discourses model of writing. We learn through social relationships, so if a teacher and a journalist can collaborate together about student writing, the teacher\u2019s writing instruction in regards to this one genre can improve, the student writing can improve, and the journalists can establish more social connections with members of their community. It is a win for all.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In my own practice, I experienced a taste of this. I don\u2019t know if I would call it reverse mentorship, but rather just straight up mentorship, as the mentors I worked with were not younger than me. The first instance, I had a parent of a student who worked in journalism in a fairly public facing way. When my first project didn\u2019t work so well, we had a conversation and he provided some insights about what I could have considered differently. He pointed me specifically towards having students consider their own biases and how they might seek out perspectives that were outright different than their own to expand their understanding on an issue. The second time was with a close friend who works for a major national newspaper. He came to speak to my students about his profession and practice of being a journalist and while my students were sharing with him their topics, he instantly noted that they might not be actually <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/uptakedigital.zendesk.com\/hc\/en-us\/articles\/115002236474-The-Seven-Elements-of-Newsworthiness\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">newsworthy<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. A ha! Great feedback. Since I am not a journalist, working with people in the field who know the practice intimately, helped me develop my understanding of the genre. Learning is social. Writing is social. Making mistakes is social. And we can only grow and get better in relationship with other people.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><b><i>P: Publishing<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">All writing has an audience, but writing that is truly transformative, shows that the author is aware of their audience and considers them at all stages. Scholars in the world of writing have shown that writing in any genre is cultivated through many pratices, particularly participating in a <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/234605977_Situated_Social_Active\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">discourse community<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and talking about the text. This time of publishing, when students read each other\u2019s published work, when parents read the class writing, when community members gain access to the articles\u2026this is how young people fully participate in the discourse community of journalism. In many ways, this could be described as participating in democracy.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Interestingly, even in Journalism Schools with more mature writing students than the writers I was working with, the act of <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/353700283_Fear_or_favor_Student_views_on_embedding_authentic_assessments_in_journalism_education\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">authentic publishing was not inherent<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in every assignment. Students, even ones training to become professional journalists, are not engaging on their own with submitting their work to be published. These opportunities to publish had to be \u201cforced\u201d through the structures of the curriculum in journalism schools, or what are called J-Schools. So if older, more mature writers who are dedicating themselves to becoming writers who publish regularly are not publishing their student writing on their own, of course students in Grade 8 will not. So as teachers, we have to cultivate those opportunities to show students how publishing is a deeply social act and thus incredibly effective way to motivate us towards our best work.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Something I learned the hard way is that not all writing is ready to be published. In that first iteration of the project, I thought that all student writing should get featured in our class newspaper. But some students writing was not exactly meeting the expectations. Maybe you\u2019ve experienced this in your practice? In future versions of this project, I made publishing the writing a reason for young people to work towards the success criteria of the assigment. Some students were ready for this publishing and others needed more time to get there. I think that this is okay. I like the idea of different stages of publishing: perhaps a class newspaper that parents and stakeholders in the class community can have access to is one option. Maybe some strong pieces of writing can be added to the school newspaper if one exists, or if some pieces that need more time they can be added to an online publication later in the year. All students can benefit from the experience of publication and yet it doesn\u2019t need to be done at the same time.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b><i>U: Useful Community Collaboration<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">I want to circle back to this point about distrust of the media. This has been a topic <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1080\/17512786.2021.1910986?journalCode=rjop20\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">written about <\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">at length in the academic research about teaching journalism. While I am not trying to train professional journalists (I\u2019m working with grade 8 students) I think the conversations in the world of J-Schools are worth looking at in terms of what they might give teachers hints about how to consider teaching younger writers. There has been a recent push in the journalism academy for <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www-tandfonline-com.myaccess.library.utoronto.ca\/doi\/full\/10.1080\/17501229.2019.1628242\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">more community based and collaborative journalism<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1177\/1077699016681986?journalCode=jmqc\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Community based journalism<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> is trying to address the issue of how the media perpetuates institutional racism and traditionally does not do a good job of including the voices of marginalized people. When reporters are connected to communities, volunteering in organizations to form relationships, or reporting on communities that they have access to, greater trust can be formed and more accurate stories can be shared with the broader public. Collaborative journalism asks key stakeholders in communities what stories they want to be covered, and works together to identify credible, often non-elite, sources on these stories. What if something similar could be put into practice on the school level? Young people could spend several weeks volunteering at various local community organizations, getting to know the staff, the purpose, and the communities they serve. Then, they could interview various stakeholders and craft news stories about their work to publish and share with the wider school community. Or what might be possible if students sat down with various groups of people connected with their school (young students, parents, staff members, administration, lunchroom supervisors, volunteers) and truly understood what potential stories existed and who they might talk to to research these stories.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Of course, I am imagining a version of school that could involve field visits and connecting with others outside of cohorts. Call me hopeful for a version of schooling that isn\u2019t not as restricted due to the ongoing pandemic. That said, leveraging social situations to guide students towards a kind of writing is not actually a new thing. One thinker, Mary Chapman, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/234605977_Situated_Social_Active\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">has written about this<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and she believe that genres of writing arise to fulfill a specific social purpose. Genres are not concrete structures or forms that students need to master, but rather flexible models that arise to address a social need. In this case, the social need is to dismantle institutional racism and tell the stories that people in communities want to read about.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><b><i>S: Structured Feedback<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Another deeply social aspect of any writing, is when feedback is offered. I get that writing typically receives feedback <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">before<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> publication, but not always. Sometimes the most meaningful feedback happens after the grade is given, the drafts are sent in, and there isn\u2019t really any space to change anything. Also, for the purposes of the RUMPUS acronym, strategic feedback needed to go at the end. But in the life of the classroom, feedback may be happening at any time really.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Providing feedback is <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.guilford.com\/books\/Handbook-of-Writing-Research\/MacArthur-Graham-Fitzgerald\/9781462529315\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">a key recommendation from the scholarly research<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> about best practices in writing instruction. Feedback from teachers, their journalistic mentors, fellow students, and from themselves are all required to move students forward in their writing skills. Peter Elbow, <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">one of the pioneers of freewriting, has some things to say about writing feedback. In his 1998 text <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/global.oup.com\/ushe\/product\/writing-with-power-9780195120189?cc=ca&lang=en&\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Writing with Power<\/span><\/i><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, Elbow delineates two kinds of writing feedback: criterion and reader-based feedback, both of which are important to include in how students get insights about their craft. Criterion-based feedback judges the writing against a rubric, set of success criteria, or checklist and reader-based feedback says what the writing does to the reader. Elbow also suggests to teachers that reader-based feedback is easier to give. So with this writing experience, in small\u2013ideally trusting\u2013groups, students can share with each other their experiences when reading drafts of each other\u2019s writing. When teachers or the journalist mentor are reviewing early drafts of the writing, working from co-constructed criteria gives a different kind of feedback on the writing, which ideally rounds out the reader-based feedback from the peers. This might also look like a structured protocol in a reader response group, modelled with a small group for the whole class to watch before trying it independently.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Learning about how our writing impacts other people through structured feedback is typically the aspect of social writing practices that most teachers include in their writing programs. So likely none of these ideas are a surprise to you. But how you consider reader-based, criterion, or protocoled feedback may heighten and strengthen the inherently social aspects of this practice.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><b>Caller Questions:<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">So when you are trying to remember what makes journalistic writing so valuable and important, pull up in your head that memory of all those wild things living their best life, or having their wild rumpus: <\/span><b>Researching Through Interviews, Unpacking Identities, Mentoring, Publishing, Useful Community Collaboration, and Stategic Feedback<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">We are now going to do something totally new for the podcast and take some listener calls. We are going to start with Peter.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hi Celeste. My name is Peter and I\u2019m calling from Kitchener, Ontario. I\u2019m a grade 9 and 10 English teacher and I actually really hated English classes when I was a student. I got into teaching because of my passion for teaching drama, but the school I am in right now only has me teaching English. I struggle as a writer myself and I always feel like I am just re-creating the boring assignments my teachers made for me\u2026but I don\u2019t really have any other strategies in my toolkit. I\u2019m also just more tired than ever and I\u2019m finding it hard to push myself to get better as a writing teacher. What suggestions do you have?\u00a0<\/span><\/i><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ugh! I so feel you Peter! And I want to just start by saying that you are not alone in this. I mentioned earlier that <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/249134804_Teaching_Writing_to_Elementary_Students_in_Grades_4-6_A_National_Survey\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">the research<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> points to the fact that teachers do not feel prepared by their teacher education programs to teach writing, so even if you <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">did<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> have an English undergrad, I wouldn\u2019t be surprised if you also felt similar things.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Something else that is clear in <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.guilford.com\/books\/Handbook-of-Writing-Research\/MacArthur-Graham-Fitzgerald\/9781462529315\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">the research<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> about top recommendations that improve writing is that we need to have supportive writing communities to help us as writers. Writing is a social practice, after all! I hope you are starting to feel that after listening to this episode.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">One of the most powerful writing experiences I have had as a teacher was when I got to participate in the week-long Institute for Writing and Thinking with <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/iwt.bard.edu\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bard College <\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">where teachers were guided through writing practices, so that we could facilitate these experiences with our students in the classroom. Even though I enjoy writing, I also have a drama undergrad and I have always kind of worried that I didn\u2019t know enough about how to teach writing because I didn\u2019t have the same writing experiences as my friends with English majors. So if you can find a way to participate in a Bard program, I highly recommend this. If it\u2019s not possible, I would also point you towards the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.torontowritingproject.com\/poetryworkshop\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Toronto Writing Project<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. There are regular teacher writing workshops that are free and all offered over Zoom (one of the good things to come out of the pandemic). They focus on poetry writing, but regardless of the kinds of writing you do with your students, finding a community of writers to surround yourself in is a key way to feel more confident and become more capable as a writer. This is true for our students and this is true for us as adults and teachers of writing.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hey Celeste and the Teaching Tomorrow community. My name is Julia and I\u2019m calling from Kingston. I teach middle school English and Social Studies and I\u2019m calling about a dilemma in my practice. I am often having my students write various things across the curriculum and they are receiving ample feedback from myself and my peers. But I am stuck in regards to how I can best teach my students various writing techniques. By the time my students enter grade 7, they know the basic skills, they are comfortable with the thinking processes of writing, but at times there are elements of writing that need to get taught and practiced. Do you have any ideas for how to include direct instruction in a way that is not soul sucking and boring?\u00a0<\/span><\/i><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hi Julia. I get this. And in the spirit of leveraging student\u2019s social learning, I think we can actually use this to help with those moments that we need to teach specific writing strategies. Whenever I have used supportive writing groups throughout my classes, I am always grateful for all the early-in-the-year community building work that sets the foundation for students working and learning together. Something that <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.perlego.com\/book\/1625985\/developing-writing-teachers-practical-ways-for-teacherwriters-to-transform-their-classroom-practice-pdf?utm_source=google&utm_medium=cpc&gclid=CjwKCAiAwKyNBhBfEiwA_mrUMulyqAN0gAOqZ-o9CBaSY3bEd8lG9x_thhQcVqSy_2UxNP0BT9jp9RoCCWoQAvD_BwE\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">the research<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> on top recommendations for teaching writing suggests is to have students compose together. A perfect idea for supporting students to learn socially! So you might teach a mini-lesson on, say, paragraphing. And I mean mini\u2013think 10 minutes or less\u2013and then students in small groups (3 or 4) can compose something together that applies these new skills. I\u2019m picturing students using that big chart paper and different markers for each student. Students composing together is a good example of a gradual release of responsibility and it is fun for students to work through new skills when learning from and with their peers. Let me know how it goes if you try it in your practice.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hello. My name is Quinn and I am an instructional coach in Toronto. A few of the teachers I work with have crafted these rich, interesting, and engaging projects for students to learn through, but I see a real need and desire for students to make an impact on the world. With more young people getting involved with climate justice, for example, I feel like there is a perfect opportunity for something deeper. Do you know what other teachers are doing to marry social justice with writing standards?\u00a0<\/span><\/i><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This is an awesome question Quinn. I\u2019ve been thinking about this a lot. I\u2019m going to use the example of journalism, as that is what I\u2019ve been focusing on with this episode.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When students are writing in this genre, they are aiming to share the facts in a balanced, unbiased way\u2026or at least in a way that accounts for their biases and include diverse perspectives. But once students have learned more deeply about an issue that they care about, the natural extension is to consider what they might do to design other possible realities. There is a lot written in the world of critical literacy that gives us some ideas of what this might look like. If you want to read more, I highly recommend checking out the writing of<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.perlego.com\/book\/1609607\/literacy-and-power-pdf?utm_source=google&utm_medium=cpc&gclid=CjwKCAiAwKyNBhBfEiwA_mrUMsYtztQeX44csuaTYIYFQdxg_QawNAA-YFZyx-lb2W88Q9aX4C5oXhoCE7kQAvD_BwE\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Hilary Janks<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> or <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.vivianvasquez.com\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Vivian Vasquez<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">After the news articles have been published, students could be invited to choose another genre or mode of creation to leverage this heightened awareness. Students could write a letter to petition someone in a position of authority to make policy change, to <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/329450248_Beyond_Publication_Social_action_as_the_ultimate_stage_of_a_writing_process\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">create a PSA video<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> for their school social media account to educate about an important issue, to <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www-jstor-org.myaccess.library.utoronto.ca\/stable\/24574994?seq=1#metadata_info_tab_contents\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">design a new space in their school community<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to address an unmet need from their students (perhaps a garden, a quiet corner, a snack bar, a positive affirmation mirror), or write a story that reimagines a more desirable future in regards to a complex issue. We often think that publishing is the final stage of the writing process, but I think actually the final stage is <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">doing<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> something with the knowledge we have gained. Taking the writing and then reimaging it to create difference. The journalistic writing could be the vehicle for researching, learning about the multiple perspectives and stakeholders on an issue, and then the next project could be requiring students to apply their newfound learning to make a change in their communities. You can probably tell that I\u2019m really excited about this, so if you end up running with this, I hope you will loop back and share your learning with us.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Thanks folks for calling in and sharing your questions about your teaching practice. I always love hearing from you, so if you have a question or a dilemma that you want some research perspective on, send me a voice memo to <\/span><a href=\"mailto:celeste.kirsh@gmail.com\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">celeste.kirsh@gmail.com<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, hit me up on Instagram <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/teaching_tomorrow\/?hl=en\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">@teaching_tomorrow<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> or find me on Twitter <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/teach_tomorrow\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">@teach_tomorrow<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Before we close off,\u00a0 I want to come back to my friend Annie. We all know students like Annie: bright, capable, thoughtful, full of potential. And they keep us up at night because we know something is not quite right about the systems of schooling for them and as a result, they are not thriving. The bigger system of schooling is not going to change itself. It is is up to us. <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.edu.gov.on.ca\/eng\/curriculum\/elementary\/language18currb.pdf\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Ministry of Education Language Arts <\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">documents have not been updated since 2006. 2006! Maybe if they had, there would be more included about the social practices and sociopolitical aspects of writing and students like Annie would find themselves more easily in our programs. But maybe not. It is up to us teachers with whatever power we have to tweak, challenge, redesign, and reimagine our programs to be more socially oriented to better meet the needs of our students. I hope for Annie\u2019s sake we can.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">That\u2019s all the time we have for today folks. Keep writing inside that wild rumpus and remember we are teaching tomorrow.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>How might we improve student writing by leveraging our innate desire for social connection? Today on the podcast, I make a case for why you should consider including journalistic writing in your class.\u00a0 A young person that I am close to, let\u2019s call her Annie, is really struggling with school, especially since the onset of &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/cohort21.com\/teachingtomorrow\/2021\/12\/21\/episode65\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &#8220;65. Social Practices of Journalistic Writing&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":34,"featured_media":1158,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"wds_primary_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[80],"tags":[96,98,97],"class_list":["post-1157","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-teaching-tomorrow-show","tag-journalistic-writing","tag-social-writing-discourse","tag-writing-instruction"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cohort21.com\/teachingtomorrow\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1157","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cohort21.com\/teachingtomorrow\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cohort21.com\/teachingtomorrow\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cohort21.com\/teachingtomorrow\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/34"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cohort21.com\/teachingtomorrow\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1157"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/cohort21.com\/teachingtomorrow\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1157\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1159,"href":"https:\/\/cohort21.com\/teachingtomorrow\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1157\/revisions\/1159"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cohort21.com\/teachingtomorrow\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1158"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cohort21.com\/teachingtomorrow\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1157"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cohort21.com\/teachingtomorrow\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1157"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cohort21.com\/teachingtomorrow\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1157"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}